సమాసాలు

Telugu Sentence Structure

— SOV order (Subject-Object-Verb), opposite English SVO. Example: English "I eat apple" = SVO; Telugu "Nēnu āpiḷ tinucunnāmu" = "I apple eat" = SOV. Basic structure: Subject (కర్త karta) + Object (కర్మ karma) + Verb (క్రియ kriya). Verb must agree with subject in person + number + gender. 3 Tenses (కాలాలు kaalaalu): (1) Present (వర్తమాన) — chestunnaanu (I am doing), tinucunnaaru (you eat); -tunnaanu suffix. (2) Past (భూత) — chesaanu (I did), tinaanu (I ate); -anu/aanu suffix. (3) Future (భవిష్యత్) — chestaanu (I will do), tintaanu (I will eat); -taanu suffix. Pronouns (సర్వ నామాలు): I (నేను nenu), you sing. (నీవు niivu), you formal/plural (మీరు miiru), he (అతను atanu), she (ఆమె aame), it (అది adi), we (మనము manamu / మేము memu), they (వారు vaaru). Singular vs Plural — verbs change. Genders: 3 — male, female, neuter. Examples with translation: "Amma vaMTa chestunaaru" = Mother is cooking; "Bālabālikalu paaThashaalaku veLLaru" = Children went to school; "Tāta repu Tirupatiki vasthaaDu" = Grandfather will come Tirupati tomorrow. Cases (విభక్తి) = 7 — Nominative, Accusative, Instrumental, Dative, Ablative, Genitive, Locative. Example: రాముడు (Raamudu nominative); రాముని (Raamuni accusative); రాముతో (Raamutoo instrumental "with"). Sandhi rules = vowel mergers (covered earlier). Negative form — "lēdu" added at end: "Tinaanu" (ate) → "tinalēdu" (did not eat). Politeness — "miiru" + plural conjugation = respectful even for one person; "niivu" only for younger/intimate. Telugu grammar foundation = Andhra Shabda Chintamani Nannayya 11th century; modern textbooks Class 4-12.