Titration
A technique to determine the concentration of a solution using a reagent of known concentration.
Also: volumetric analysis
Definition
Titration is a quantitative analytical technique in which a solution of known concentration (the titrant) is slowly added to a solution of unknown concentration until the chemical reaction between them is complete, as indicated by an endpoint (often a color change from an indicator). The volume of titrant used allows calculation of the unknown concentration using stoichiometric relationships. It is widely used in acid-base chemistry, redox reactions, and pharmaceutical analysis.
Example
“In a chemistry lab, students add sodium hydroxide solution drop by drop to a hydrochloric acid solution containing phenolphthalein indicator; the endpoint is reached when the mixture turns permanently pink.”
Synonyms
- volumetric analysis
- acid-base titration
- quantitative chemistry analysis
Images
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Related Terms
- pH Scale
- Stoichiometry
- Molarity
- Equivalence Point