Bell Curve
A forced distribution method where employees are rated across a normal distribution.
Also: forced ranking · stack ranking · normal distribution
Definition
The bell curve, also known as forced ranking or forced distribution, is a performance management approach where employees are required to be distributed across performance categories in a predetermined ratio that resembles a normal distribution curve—typically with a small percentage rated as top performers, the majority as average, and a small percentage as low performers. While it aims to differentiate performance and reward top talent, it has been criticized for damaging collaboration and morale.
Example
“Under the bell curve system, only 10% of employees could receive the top rating, 70% were placed in the middle tier, and 20% received below-average ratings regardless of actual performance levels.”
Synonyms
- forced ranking
- forced distribution
- normal distribution rating
- stack ranking