Category: EconomyPart of speech: nounDifficulty: CommonRecommended for ★ UPSC

infrastructure

/ˈɪn.frə.strʌk.tʃər/Roman

English meaning: Infrastructure

English Definition

(English)

Infrastructure is the foundation of economic activity — the physical networks and systems that enable the movement of people, goods, energy, and information. India's National Infrastructure Pipeline targets $1.4 trillion in investment (2020-25) in transport, energy, urban, and digital infrastructure to achieve its development goals.

English Definition

The basic physical and organisational structures and facilities needed for the operation of a society — roads, railways, airports, ports, power grids, water systems, and digital networks. Infrastructure investment drives economic growth and competitiveness.

Example

India's National Highways network has expanded to over 140,000 km, with ambitious targets under the Bharatmala programme for national highway modernisation.

In English: India's highway network expansion under Bharatmala aims to reduce logistics costs.

Synonyms

  • public works
  • physical capital
  • facilities

Antonyms / Opposites

  • superstructure

Literary Heritage

It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness.

It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness.

Charles Dickens · Novelist · 19th century

A Tale of Two Cities

A Tale of Two Cities, Book I, Ch. 1, opening sentence, 1859

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