ગુજરાતી(Gujarati)

/bandhaaran/

ભારતનો સર્વોચ્ચ કાયદો જે સરકારની રચના અને નાગરિકોના અધિકારો નક્કી કરે છે.

Constitution

/lokshahi/

A system where citizens elect representatives to govern.

/nyaay/

Fair and impartial administration of law.

/sansad/

Supreme legislative body of India.

/mulbhut adhikaaro/

Rights guaranteed to all citizens by the Constitution.

/sarvochch nyayaalay/

Highest court in India.

/gram panchayat/

Local self-government at village level.

/arthatantra/

System of production and consumption of goods and services.

/vero/

Compulsory payment collected by government.

/chuntani/

Formal process of selecting representatives.

/bhrashtachar/

Abuse of power for personal gain.

/shikshan/

Process of acquiring knowledge and skills.

/aarogya/

State of physical and mental well-being.

/kheti/

Practice of farming and cultivation.

/udyog/

Economic activity involving manufacturing.

/swatantrata/

Freedom from external control.

/samanata/

Equal rights and opportunities for all.

/paryaavaran/

The natural world including air, water, and land.

/samskruti/

The customs and achievements of a people.

/bhaasha/

A system of communication.

/itihaas/

The recorded past of human civilization.

/rajkaran/

Activities related to governance and power.

/bajett/

Annual financial statement of government.

/garibi/

Insufficient income to meet basic needs.

/vasti/

Total number of people in a region.

/samajik nyaay/

Fair distribution of resources in society.

/naagarikatva/

Legal membership of a state.

/vikas/

Economic and social progress.

/olakh/

The characteristics and qualities that distinguish a person or group.

/rashtraavad/

Devotion to one's nation.

/dharma/

Righteousness and moral duty in Indian philosophy.

/ahimsa/

ગાંધીજીની અહિંસાની ફિલોસોફી — કોઈ પ્રાણીને ઈજા ન પહોંચાડવી.

Non-violence

/mat aapvano adhikar/

Constitutional right to vote in elections.

/mahitino adhikar/

Law enabling citizens to access government information.

/nyaytantra/

Branch interpreting laws and administering justice.

/vahivat/

The management of government affairs and public services.

/gramya vikas/

Improvement of rural areas' economy and infrastructure.

/mehilaa shashaktikaran/

Increasing women's social, economic, and political strength.

/khaadya suraksha/

Ensuring all people have access to sufficient safe and nutritious food.

/aarthik swatantrata/

The right to engage in economic activities without excessive government interference.

/mahamari/

A widespread outbreak of infectious disease affecting large populations.

/pradooshan/

Contamination of the natural environment by harmful substances.

/urja/

Power from physical or chemical resources.

/technology/

Application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes.

/e-governance/

Use of digital technology to deliver government services.

/globalisation/

Integration of economies, cultures, and societies worldwide.

/udaarkaaran/

Removal of restrictions on economic activity to promote free markets.

/khanagikaaran/

Transfer of ownership from government to private sector.

/bhrasht-rodh/

Measures and laws to prevent and combat corruption.

/takau vikas/

Development meeting present needs without compromising the future.

/namaste/

The respectful greeting with palms joined; Gujaratis also say Jay Shri Krishna.

/kem chho/

The famous Gujarati greeting — kem chho is known worldwide.

/majama chhu/

The cheerful standard reply to kem chho, literally I am in fun.

/jay shri krishna/

A devotional Gujarati greeting honoring Krishna, used like hello.

/suprabhat/

A morning greeting, literally auspicious dawn.

/shubh ratri/

Said before going to bed, literally auspicious night.

/aavjo/

The warm Gujarati farewell — not go, but come again!

/pachha malishu/

A warm farewell, literally we will meet again.

/aabhar/

The standard expression of gratitude.

/kai vandho nahi/

The easy-going reply to thanks or apologies, literally no objection.

/maaf karjo/

A polite apology, also used to get someone's attention.

/ha/

An affirmative answer.

/na/

A negative answer.

/saru/

The all-purpose word for okay, fine, good.

/maru naam/

Used to introduce yourself; maru naam ... chhe.

/maline anand thayo/

Said when meeting someone, literally joy happened on meeting.

/swagat chhe/

Used to welcome guests; padharo means please grace us.

/shubhechha/

Good wishes for birthdays, exams, and new beginnings.

/mane samjayu nahi/

A useful phrase for learners when something is unclear.

/ek/

The number one.

/be/

The number two.

/tran/

The number three.

/char/

The number four.

/panch/

The number five.

/chha/

The number six.

/saat/

The number seven.

/aath/

The number eight.

/nav/

The number nine; navratri means nine nights!

/das/

The number ten.

/so/

The number one hundred.

/hajar/

The number one thousand.

/aaje/

The present day.

/kale/

Means both tomorrow and yesterday — the verb tense tells you which!

/gai kale/

The day before today, unambiguously.

/atyare/

At the present moment.

/kalak/

A period of sixty minutes.

/minit/

A period of sixty seconds.

/athvadiyu/

A period of seven days.

/varsh/

A period of twelve months; the Gujarati new year follows Diwali.

/parivar/

A group of people related by blood or marriage.

/mummy/

The everyday word for mother; formally maa or mata.

/pappa/

The everyday word for father; formally pita.

/bhai/

A male sibling; bhai is also added to names as respect.

/bahen/

A female sibling; ben is also added to women's names as respect.

/dikro/

A male child.

/dikri/

A female child.

/dada/

Your father's father; the mother's father is nana.

/ba/

Grandmother — and ba's theplas are the taste of home.

/pati/

The man a woman is married to.

/patni/

The woman a man is married to.

/balak/

A young person; plural balako.

/mitra/

A person you know well and like; dost is also common.

/purush/

An adult male person.

/stri/

An adult female person.

/shikshak/

A person who teaches.

/vidyarthi/

A person who studies at school or university.

/padoshi/

A person who lives next to or near you.

/paani/

The clear liquid essential for life.

/cha/

Tea — masala cha with a Gujarati snack is the day's anchor.

/kofi/

A drink made from coffee beans.

/bhaat/

Cooked rice; dal-bhat completes the Gujarati thali.

/rotli/

The thin soft Gujarati flatbread on every thali.

/dal/

Lentil curry; Gujarati dal is famously a little sweet.

/shaak/

Cooked vegetables, the heart of the thali.

/thepla/

The spiced fenugreek flatbread — the Gujarati travel companion.

/dhokla/

The steamed savory cake that made Gujarati snacks world-famous.

/machhli/

An animal that lives in water, eaten as food on the coast.

/indu/

An egg laid by a hen.

/fal/

Sweet plant foods such as mangoes and bananas.

/keri/

The king of fruits; Gir's Kesar keri is Gujarat's golden pride.

/doodh/

A white drink; Anand in Gujarat is India's milk capital.

/chaas/

Spiced buttermilk — the cooling end to every Gujarati meal.

/ras/

Fruit juice; keri no ras with puri is the summer feast.

/khand/

A sweet substance; Gujarati cooking loves a touch of it.

/mithu/

Salt — Gujarat's salt pans stretch to the horizon; oddly, mithu means sweet too!

/nasto/

Breakfast — and the great Gujarati universe of snacks.

/bapornu bhojan/

The midday meal, often a full thali.

/ratrinu bhojan/

The evening meal.

/vimani mathak/

A place where airplanes take off and land.

/viman/

A flying vehicle with wings and engines.

/tren/

A connected line of carriages that runs on rails.

/steshan/

A place where trains stop for passengers.

/bas/

A large road vehicle that carries many passengers.

/riksha/

The three-wheeler weaving through every Gujarati city.

/taxi/

A car you pay to be driven somewhere in.

/hotel/

A hotel — and any eatery is a hotel in everyday Gujarati too.

/bhojanalay/

A place where you pay to eat; the Gujarati thali house is a treasure.

/shaher/

A large town where many people live and work.

/gaam/

A small settlement; everyone's heart stays in their gaam.

/rasto/

A way for vehicles and people.

/passport/

An official document needed for traveling abroad.

/tikit/

A piece of paper that allows you to travel or enter a place.

/nakasho/

A drawing showing streets, cities, or countries.

/bank/

A place where people keep and borrow money.

/bajar/

A place where goods are sold; Gujarati bazaars buzz with bargaining.

/dariyo/

The sea; Gujarat has India's longest coastline.

/suraj/

The star that gives Earth light and warmth.

/chandra/

The bright object in the night sky; Sharad Purnima's moon is celebrated.

/taro/

A point of light in the night sky; also means yours!

/aakash/

The space above the earth — filled with kites every Uttarayan!

/nadi/

A large stream of water; the Narmada is Gujarat's lifeline.

/parvat/

A very high hill; Girnar is Gujarat's sacred peak.

/jangal/

A large area covered with trees; Gir forest is the lion's last home.

/jhaad/

A tall plant with a trunk, branches, and leaves.

/phool/

The colorful blossom of a plant.

/varsad/

Water that falls from clouds; the monsoon varsad is awaited eagerly.

/baraf/

Frozen water — snow or the ice in your golas!

/pavan/

Moving air — the Uttarayan kite-flyer's best friend.

/havaman/

The condition of the air, such as sun, rain, or wind.

/prani/

A living creature such as a dog, bird, or fish.

/sinh/

The Asiatic lion — found in the wild only in Gujarat's Gir.

/sharir/

The whole physical structure of a person.

/mathu/

The top part of the body containing the brain and face.

/aankh/

The part of the body used for seeing.

/kaan/

The part of the body used for hearing.

/naak/

The part of the face used for smelling and breathing.

/mou/

The mouth, and informally the face.

/haath/

The upper limb, covering both hand and arm.

/pag/

The lower limb used for walking — and for garba!

/hriday/

The organ that pumps blood, also the seat of feeling.

/vaal/

The hair on a person's head.

/pet/

The front part of the body below the chest.

/daktar/

A person trained to treat sick people.

/davakhanu/

A place where sick people are treated.

/dava/

Something you take to treat an illness.

/bimar/

Ill, not in good health.

/kaam/

A job, or the activity of working.

/dhandho/

Business — the celebrated Gujarati genius for enterprise.

/kampani/

A business organization that sells goods or services.

/ofis/

A room or building where people work at desks.

/sheth/

The boss or proprietor — the classic Gujarati sheth.

/sahkarmchari/

A person you work with.

/sabha/

An occasion when people come together to discuss something.

/paisa/

Coins and banknotes used to buy things.

/pagar/

The money you receive regularly for your work.

/computer/

An electronic machine used for work and entertainment.

/phone/

A device used for calling and messaging people.

/vyavasay/

The type of work a person is trained to do.

/yojana/

A planned piece of work with a clear goal.

/grahak/

A person who buys goods or services.

/karar/

A formal written agreement.

/manager/

The person who leads a company, shop, or team.

/karkhanu/

A building where goods are made; Surat's diamond karkhanas shine worldwide.

/pustak/

Written pages bound together for reading.

/sangeet/

Music — from bhajans to the dandiya beat.

/film/

A story shown in moving pictures.

/kala/

Creative work; bandhani tie-dye and Patola weaving are Gujarati arts.

/sangrahalay/

A building where important objects and art are shown.

/tahevar/

A celebration; Gujarat's calendar overflows with tahevars.

/navratri/

Nine nights of garba — the world's longest dance festival.

/garba/

The whirling circular dance of Gujarat, now on UNESCO's heritage list.

/uttarayan/

The January kite festival when Gujarat's skies fill with color.

/sarkar/

The group of people who rule a state or country.

/samachar/

Reports about recent events.

/samaj/

People living together in an organized community.

/hovu/

To exist or to be somewhere.

/joie/

Expresses want or need; mane joie means I want.

/javu/

To move from one place to another.

/aavvu/

To move toward the speaker or a place; aavjo says come again!

/khavu/

To eat; jami lidhu — have you eaten — is daily care.

/pivu/

To take liquid into your mouth and swallow it.

/jovu/

To notice something with your eyes.

/sambhalvu/

To notice sounds with your ears.

/bolvu/

To say words, to talk.

/vanchvu/

To look at words and understand them.

/lakhvu/

To form letters and words on paper or a screen.

/kharidvu/

To get something by paying money.

/vechvu/

To give something in exchange for money.

/karvu/

To perform an action; combines with nouns to form many verbs.

/kaam karvu/

To do a job, literally to do work.

/vicharvu/

To use your mind to form ideas or opinions.

/prem karvo/

To feel deep affection; hu tane prem karu chhu — I love you.

/gamvu/

To find something pleasant; mane game chhe means I like it.

/shikhvu/

To gain knowledge or skill.

/janvu/

To have information in your mind.

/olakhvu/

To be familiar with a person or recognize them.

/aapvu/

To hand something to someone.

/levu/

To pick something up or accept it.

/shodhvu/

To try to find something.

/madad karvi/

To make something easier for someone.

/sharu karvu/

To start doing something.

/puru karvu/

To bring something to an end.

/suvu/

To rest with your eyes closed at night.

/saro/

Of high quality or pleasant.

/kharab/

Of poor quality or unpleasant.

/motu/

Of great size; also means elder.

/nanu/

Of little size, or younger.

/navu/

Recently made or bought.

/junu/

Having existed for a long time; old Ahmedabad is a heritage city.

/yuvan/

Not old, in an early stage of life.

/unchu/

Of great height; the Statue of Unity is the world's tallest.

/nichu/

Of little height.

/lambu/

Of great length.

/garam/

Having a high temperature.

/thandu/

Having a low temperature.

/zadapi/

Moving or happening quickly.

/dhimu/

Moving or happening without speed.

/monghu/

Costing a lot of money.

/sastu/

Costing little money — and finding it is a Gujarati art!

/sundar/

Very pleasing to look at.

/sahelu/

Not difficult to do or understand.

/aghru/

Hard to do or understand.

/mahatvanu/

Having great value or significance.

/chokkhu/

Free from dirt.

/galyu/

Sweet in taste — and Gujarati food loves its sweetness!

/shu/

Used to ask about things; also starts yes/no questions.

/kon/

Used to ask about people.

/kya/

Used to ask about places.

/kyare/

Used to ask about time.

/kem/

Why — and also how, as in the famous kem chho!

/kevi rite/

Used to ask about manner or way.

/ketlu/

Used to ask about quantity or price — the bazaar essential.

/kayu/

Used to ask about a choice between things.

/konu/

Used to ask about ownership.

/shu/

At the start of a sentence, shu turns it into a yes/no question.

/ghar/

A building where people live, or your home.

/ordo/

A space inside a building with its own walls.

/rasodu/

The room where food is prepared.

/bathrum/

The room for washing.

/barnu/

The entrance to a room or building.

/bari/

An opening in a wall with glass that lets in light.

/tebal/

A piece of furniture with a flat top.

/khurshi/

A seat with a back for one person.

/palang/

A piece of furniture for sleeping.

/kapda/

Things you wear; bandhani and chaniya choli are Gujarati classics.

/champal/

Sandals; left outside the home and temple.

/chavi/

A metal object used to open locks.

/ghadiyal/

A device that shows the time.

/TV/

A device for watching programmes and films.

/divo/

A lamp — the divo lights every Gujarati doorstep at Diwali.

/randhvu/

To prepare food by heating it.

/kharidi/

The activity of buying things.

/khush/

Feeling pleasure and joy.

/maja/

Fun and good times — majama means doing great!

/dukhi/

Feeling unhappy.

/gusso/

The feeling of strong displeasure.

/bik/

The feeling of being afraid.

/thakelu/

Needing rest after work or activity.

/bhukh/

The need to eat; mane bhukh lagi means I am hungry.

/taras/

The need to drink.

/chinta/

The feeling of being anxious; chinta na karo — don't worry!

/kantalo/

The feeling of being utterly bored — kantalo aavyo!

/utsah/

The feeling of eager energy — Navratri-level utsah!

/navai/

The feeling of wonder at something unexpected.

/prem/

Deep love and affection.