Section: STEM · BiologyDifficulty: Medium

DNA Replication

USUK

The process by which a cell copies its DNA before cell division.

Definition

DNA replication is the biological process by which a cell duplicates its entire genome prior to cell division, ensuring each daughter cell receives a complete copy of the genetic information. The process is semi-conservative: each new DNA molecule consists of one original strand and one newly synthesized complementary strand. Key enzymes include helicase, which unwinds the double helix, and DNA polymerase, which synthesizes new strands.

Example

“Before a human skin cell divides to heal a wound, it replicates all 46 chromosomes so that both daughter cells receive the complete genetic blueprint needed to function properly.”

Synonyms

  • DNA copying
  • genome duplication
  • chromosomal replication

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