বাংলা(Bengali)

/shombidhan/

সরকারের কাঠামো ও নাগরিকদের অধিকার নির্ধারণকারী সর্বোচ্চ আইন।

Constitution

/ganatantra/

জনগণ নির্বাচিত প্রতিনিধিদের মাধ্যমে শাসিত হওয়ার ব্যবস্থা।

Democracy

/nyaybichar/

Fair and impartial administration of law.

/shongshod/

The supreme legislative body of India.

/moulik adhikar/

Rights guaranteed to all citizens by the Constitution.

/supreme court/

Highest court of India and guardian of the Constitution.

/ainshabha/

The law-making body of government.

/nirbaachon/

Formal process of selecting representatives through voting.

/panchayet/

Village-level local self-government body.

/orthoneeti/

The system of production and consumption of goods and services.

/mudrasphiti/

Sustained rise in general price levels, reducing purchasing power.

/moto deshaj utpadon/

Total value of goods and services produced in a country in a period.

/kor/

Compulsory payment collected by government.

/manavadhikar/

Universal rights belonging to every person.

/dharmonirpekkhata/

The principle of state neutrality toward all religions.

/sarbobhoutwo/

The supreme authority of a state to govern itself independently.

/durniti/

Abuse of power for personal gain.

/shomajhtantra/

An economic system with collective ownership of production means.

/shikha/

The process of acquiring knowledge and skills.

/shastho/

The state of physical and mental well-being.

/krishi/

The practice of farming and cultivation of crops.

/shilpo/

Economic activity involving manufacturing.

/jonoshongkha/

Total number of people in a country or region.

/dariddro/

The state of lacking sufficient income to meet basic needs.

/shomota/

Equal rights and opportunities for all.

/swadinata/

Freedom from external control; national sovereignty.

/poribesh/

The natural world including air, water, and land.

/shongskriti/

The customs, arts, and achievements of a people.

/bhasha/

A system of communication used by a community.

/itihas/

The recorded past of human civilization.

/rajaniti/

Activities related to governance and public decision-making.

/bajett/

Annual financial statement of government revenues and expenditures.

/unnayan/

Economic and social progress; improvement of living standards.

/nagrikata/

Legal membership of a state conferring rights and duties.

/shamajik nyay/

Fair distribution of resources and opportunities in society.

/rashtropoti/

Constitutional head of state of India.

/prodhanmantri/

Head of government.

/bichar bibhag/

The branch of government that interprets laws and administers justice.

/moulik kortobbo/

Duties of citizens added to the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment.

/totho adhikar/

Law enabling citizens to request information from public authorities.

/rajosho/

Income generated by government through taxation and fees.

/rino/

Money borrowed that must be repaid with interest.

/roptani/

Goods sold to foreign countries.

/amdani/

Goods bought from foreign countries.

/bidesh niti/

A government's strategy in dealing with other nations.

/jatiyotabad/

Devotion to one's nation; ideology of national self-determination.

/boichitro/

The variety of human cultures, languages, and traditions.

/shomprodai/

A group of people sharing common interests, values, or locality.

/nyaypal/

Independent authority investigating complaints against public officials.

/manabshampod/

People and their skills as an economic asset.

/sangsad/

নির্বাচিত প্রতিনিধিরা যেখানে আইন তৈরি করেন—দেশের সর্বোচ্চ আইনসভা।

Parliament

/mantrishabha/

প্রধানমন্ত্রীর নেতৃত্বে নীতি নির্ধারণকারী সিনিয়র মন্ত্রীদের দল।

Cabinet

/sangshodhani/

আইন বা সংবিধানে আনুষ্ঠানিক পরিবর্তন।

Amendment

/bil/

সভায় আলোচনার জন্য পেশ করা প্রস্তাবিত আইন।

Bill

/adhyaadesh/

সংসদ অধিবেশনে না থাকাকালীন সরকার কর্তৃক জারি করা অস্থায়ী আইন।

Ordinance

/anumodan/

চুক্তি বা সংশোধনীকে আইনি বল দেওয়ার আনুষ্ঠানিক অনুমোদন।

Ratification

/veto/

একটি বিল প্রত্যাখ্যান করার সাংবিধানিক ক্ষমতা।

Veto

/koram/

সভা পরিচালনার জন্য প্রয়োজনীয় ন্যূনতম সদস্য সংখ্যা।

Quorum

/jot/

সরকার গঠনের জন্য একাধিক দলের মৈত্রী।

Coalition

/birodhi dal/

শাসক দলের বিরুদ্ধে সভায় বসা দলগুলি।

Opposition

/nirbachani elaaka/

যেখানকার ভোটাররা একজন প্রতিনিধি নির্বাচন করেন—সেই ভৌগোলিক এলাকা।

Constituency

/nirbaachakmandali/

দেশের সব যোগ্য ভোটারদের সমষ্টি।

Electorate

/tribunaal/

নির্দিষ্ট বিষয়ের বিরোধ শোনার জন্য বিশেষ বিচার সংস্থা।

Tribunal

/baadi/

যিনি মামলা দায়ের করেন।

Plaintiff

/bibaadi/

যাঁর বিরুদ্ধে মামলা দায়ের হয়।

Defendant

/nishedhajna/

কোনো কাজ করতে বা থামাতে আদালতের নির্দেশ।

Injunction

/halafnama/

শপথের অধীনে দেওয়া লিখিত বিবৃতি, প্রমাণ হিসাবে গণ্য।

Affidavit

/salishi/

নিরপেক্ষ সালিশকারীর সিদ্ধান্ত দ্বারা বিরোধ নিষ্পত্তি।

Arbitration

/mimangsa/

তৃতীয় পক্ষের সাহায্যে বিরোধীদের মধ্যে স্বেচ্ছামূলক চুক্তি।

Mediation

/pratyarpan/

অপরাধীকে বিচারের জন্য এক দেশ থেকে অন্য দেশে হস্তান্তর।

Extradition

/sadharon kshama/

অপরাধীদের একটি শ্রেণিকে সরকার কর্তৃক প্রদত্ত অফিসিয়াল ক্ষমা।

Amnesty

/khalas/

আদালত কর্তৃক নির্দোষ ঘোষণা।

Acquittal

/abhijogapatra/

কোনো ব্যক্তির বিরুদ্ধে আনা অপরাধের আনুষ্ঠানিক লিখিত অভিযোগ।

Indictment

/mithyasakshya/

শপথ নিয়ে ইচ্ছাকৃতভাবে মিথ্যা বলা।

Perjury

/baajet/

সরকারের বার্ষিক আয়-ব্যয় পরিকল্পনা।

Budget

/kar byabostha/

সরকার কর্তৃক কর আরোপ ও আদায়ের পদ্ধতি।

Taxation

/bhartuki/

মূল্য কমাতে বা কোনো খাতকে সাহায্য করতে সরকারের আর্থিক অনুদান।

Subsidy

/shulka/

আমদানি বা রপ্তানিতে সরকার আরোপিত কর।

Tariff

/ghaati/

আয়ের তুলনায় ব্যয় বেশি হওয়া।

Deficit

/udbritta/

ব্যয়ের তুলনায় আয়ের বেশি হওয়া।

Surplus

/raajashwa/

কর ও শুল্ক থেকে সরকারের প্রাপ্ত আয়।

Revenue

/byay/

একটি সময়কালে মোট খরচ।

Expenditure

/taraltaa/

সম্পদকে সহজে নগদে রূপান্তরের ক্ষমতা।

Liquidity

/rinshodhon kshamata/

দীর্ঘমেয়াদি দায় মেটানোর ক্ষমতা।

Solvency

/abamulyaayan/

দেশের মুদ্রার মান ইচ্ছাকৃতভাবে কমানো।

Devaluation

/mandasphiti/

ধীর প্রবৃদ্ধি ও উচ্চ মুদ্রাস্ফীতি একসঙ্গে।

Stagflation

/uddipana package/

চাহিদা বাড়াতে সরকার ঘোষিত আর্থিক ব্যবস্থা।

Stimulus

/besarkaarikoron/

সরকারি প্রতিষ্ঠানকে বেসরকারি খাতে হস্তান্তর।

Privatisation

/rastradoot/

একটি দেশের অপর দেশে সর্বোচ্চ কূটনৈতিক প্রতিনিধি।

Ambassador

/dootabas/

বিদেশে রাষ্ট্রদূতের সরকারি কার্যালয়।

Embassy

/shirsha sammelan/

রাষ্ট্রপ্রধানদের উচ্চ-পর্যায়ের বৈঠক।

Summit

/chukti/

দুই বা ততোধিক পক্ষের আনুষ্ঠানিক সমঝোতা।

Accord

/protocol/

মূল চুক্তির পরিপূরক অতিরিক্ত সমঝোতা।

Protocol

/jotnirpekkhata/

কোনো প্রধান শক্তি-জোটে আনুষ্ঠানিকভাবে যোগ না দেওয়ার নীতি।

Non-alignment

/baanijyik nishedhajna/

কোনো দেশের সঙ্গে বাণিজ্যে সরকারি নিষেধাজ্ঞা।

Embargo

/abarodh/

সামরিক উপায়ে বন্দর বা সীমান্ত বন্ধ করা।

Blockade

/ekpakkhikata/

রাষ্ট্রের একা পররাষ্ট্রনীতি লক্ষ্য অনুসরণ করার মতবাদ।

Unilateralism

/dwipakkhikata/

দুই সার্বভৌম রাষ্ট্রের মধ্যে সম্পর্কের পরিচালনা।

Bilateralism

/aashroy/

অত্যাচার থেকে পালিয়ে আসা বিদেশিকে রাষ্ট্রের দেওয়া সুরক্ষা।

Asylum

/sharanaarthi/

যুদ্ধ, নির্যাতন বা দুর্যোগে দেশ ছেড়ে আসা ব্যক্তি।

Refugee

/nomoshkar/

A respectful greeting with palms together, common among Bengali Hindus.

/assalamu alaikum/

The greeting of peace used by Bengali Muslims, especially in Bangladesh.

/kemon achhen/

The polite way to ask how someone is; informally, kemon achho.

/bhalo achhi/

The standard reply to how are you.

/shubho shokal/

A morning greeting, literally auspicious morning.

/shubho ratri/

Said before going to bed, literally auspicious night.

/biday/

A farewell; everyday Bengali often uses achchha or asi then.

/abar dekha hobe/

A warm farewell, literally we will see each other again.

/dhonnobad/

The standard expression of gratitude.

/shagotom/

Used to welcome guests or new arrivals.

/dukkhito/

An apology for a mistake or inconvenience.

/maf korben/

Used to get attention politely or ask forgiveness.

/hyan/

An affirmative answer.

/na/

A negative answer; also negates verbs.

/achchha/

The all-purpose Bengali word for okay, alright, I see.

/amar nam/

Used to introduce yourself by name.

/khushi holam/

Said when meeting someone, literally I became happy.

/shubhokamona/

A wish for success, literally auspicious wishes.

/ami bujhte parchhi na/

A useful phrase for learners when something is unclear.

/ek/

The number one.

/dui/

The number two.

/tin/

The number three.

/char/

The number four.

/panch/

The number five.

/chhoy/

The number six; Bengal famously has six seasons.

/shat/

The number seven.

/at/

The number eight.

/noy/

The number nine.

/dosh/

The number ten.

/eksho/

The number one hundred.

/hajar/

The number one thousand.

/aj/

The present day.

/agamikal/

The day after today; kal alone can mean both tomorrow and yesterday!

/gotokal/

The day before today.

/ekhon/

At the present moment.

/ghonta/

A period of sixty minutes; also means a bell.

/minit/

A period of sixty seconds.

/shoptaho/

A period of seven days.

/bochhor/

A period of twelve months; the Bengali year begins with Pohela Boishakh.

/poribar/

A group of people related by blood or marriage.

/ma/

A female parent — perhaps the most beloved Bengali word.

/baba/

A male parent.

/bhai/

A male sibling; also a friendly address for any man.

/bon/

A female sibling.

/chhele/

A male child.

/meye/

A female child.

/dadu/

A grandfather; in Bangladesh dada is the paternal grandfather.

/dida/

A grandmother; also thakurma or nani depending on the side.

/shami/

The man a woman is married to.

/stri/

The woman a man is married to.

/shishu/

A young person.

/bondhu/

A person you know well and like.

/purush/

An adult male person.

/mohila/

An adult female person.

/shikkhok/

A person who teaches.

/chhatro/

A person who studies; a female student is chhatri.

/protibeshi/

A person who lives next to or near you.

/pani/

The liquid of life; pani in Bangladesh, jol in West Bengal.

/cha/

The beloved drink of Bengal, served at every tea stall.

/kofi/

A drink made from coffee beans.

/bhat/

The staple of Bengal; machhe bhate Bangali — fish and rice make a Bengali.

/ruti/

Flatbread, eaten especially in the evening.

/machh/

Fish — the heart of Bengali cuisine; ilish (hilsa) is the king.

/mangsho/

The flesh of animals eaten as food.

/murgi/

A chicken, or chicken meat.

/dim/

An egg laid by a hen.

/dal/

Lentil curry, served with rice at almost every meal.

/shobji/

Plants grown for food.

/fol/

Sweet plant foods such as mangoes and jackfruit.

/am/

The king of fruits; Rajshahi and Malda mangoes are legendary.

/dudh/

A white drink produced by cows; the base of Bengali sweets.

/rosh/

Fruit juice; date-palm juice is a winter delicacy.

/chini/

A sweet substance added to food and drinks.

/lobon/

A white substance used to season food.

/nashta/

The morning meal, or a light snack.

/dupurer khabar/

The midday meal, literally noon food.

/rater khabar/

The evening meal, literally night food.

/bimanbondor/

A place where airplanes take off and land.

/biman/

A flying vehicle with wings and engines.

/tren/

A connected line of carriages that runs on rails.

/steshon/

A place where trains stop for passengers.

/bas/

A large road vehicle that carries many passengers.

/riksha/

The colorful cycle rickshaw; Dhaka is the rickshaw capital of the world.

/tyaksi/

A car you pay to be driven somewhere in.

/hotel/

A place where travelers pay to stay overnight.

/restora/

A place where you pay to eat meals.

/shohor/

A large town where many people live and work.

/gram/

A small settlement; the soul of Bengal lives in its villages.

/rasta/

A way for vehicles and people.

/pasport/

An official document needed for traveling abroad.

/tikit/

A piece of paper that allows you to travel or enter a place.

/manchitro/

A drawing showing streets, cities, or countries.

/byank/

A place where people keep and borrow money.

/bajar/

A place where goods are sold; the daily bajar is a ritual.

/soikot/

A sandy shore; Cox's Bazar is the world's longest natural beach.

/bhromon/

The act of traveling to a place.

/shurjo/

The star that gives Earth light and warmth.

/chand/

The bright object in the night sky, beloved in Bengali poetry and lullabies.

/tara/

A point of light in the night sky; also means they.

/akash/

The space above the earth where clouds and stars appear.

/shomudro/

The large body of salt water; the Bay of Bengal borders Bengal.

/nodi/

A large stream of water; Bengal is the land of rivers — Padma, Meghna, Jamuna.

/pahar/

A very high hill; the Chittagong Hill Tracts are Bangladesh's highlands.

/bon/

A large area covered with trees; the Sundarbans is the world's largest mangrove forest.

/gachh/

A tall plant with a trunk, branches, and leaves.

/phul/

The colorful blossom of a plant; the white shapla is the national flower.

/brishti/

Water from the clouds; the monsoon rains define Bengal's seasons and songs.

/tushar/

Soft white frozen water; Bengalis travel to Darjeeling to see it.

/batash/

Moving air that you can feel.

/abohawa/

The condition of the air, such as sun, rain, or wind.

/prani/

A living creature such as a dog, bird, or fish.

/bagh/

The Royal Bengal Tiger, national animal and king of the Sundarbans.

/shorir/

The whole physical structure of a person.

/matha/

The top part of the body containing the brain and face.

/chokh/

The part of the body used for seeing.

/kan/

The part of the body used for hearing.

/nak/

The part of the face used for smelling and breathing.

/mukh/

The mouth, and also the face.

/hat/

The upper limb; Bengalis traditionally eat with the right hand.

/pa/

The lower limb; touching elders' feet shows respect.

/hridoy/

The heart, in body and in poetry.

/chul/

The hair on a person's head.

/pet/

The front part of the body below the chest.

/daktar/

A person trained to treat sick people.

/hashpatal/

A place where sick people are treated.

/oshudh/

Something you take to treat an illness.

/oshustho/

Ill, not in good health.

/kaj/

A job, or the activity of working.

/kompani/

A business organization that sells goods or services.

/ofis/

A room or building where people work at desks.

/bos/

The person in charge at work.

/shohokormi/

A person you work with.

/shobha/

An occasion when people come together to discuss something.

/taka/

Money in general — and the name of Bangladesh's currency.

/beton/

The money you receive regularly for your work.

/komputer/

An electronic machine used for work and entertainment.

/fon/

A device used for calling and messaging people.

/pesha/

The type of work a person is trained to do.

/prokolpo/

A planned piece of work with a clear goal.

/grahok/

A person who buys goods or services.

/myanejar/

The person who leads a company, shop, or team.

/karkhana/

A building where goods are made; Bangladesh's garment factories clothe the world.

/boi/

Written pages bound together; the Ekushey Boi Mela is a beloved book fair.

/gan/

Song and music — Rabindra Sangeet and Nazrul Geeti are treasures.

/sinema/

A story shown in moving pictures; Satyajit Ray put Bengali film on the world map.

/jadughor/

A building where important objects are shown, literally magic house.

/utshob/

A special time of celebration — Eid, Durga Puja, Pohela Boishakh.

/pohela boishakh/

The Bengali New Year on April 14th, celebrated with processions and panta bhat.

/dhormo/

Belief in and worship of a god or gods.

/shorkar/

The group of people who rule a country.

/khobor/

Reports about recent events.

/shomaj/

People living together in an organized community.

/howa/

To exist or to become something.

/thaka/

To possess or to stay; amar achhe means I have.

/jaowa/

To move from one place to another.

/asha/

To move toward the speaker or a place.

/khaowa/

To eat — Bengalis also khaowa (eat) tea, water, and cigarettes!

/pan kora/

To drink, formally; everyday Bengali just uses khaowa.

/dekha/

To notice something with your eyes.

/shona/

To notice sounds with your ears.

/bola/

To say words, to talk.

/pora/

To read or to study; also means to fall!

/lekha/

To form letters and words on paper or a screen.

/kena/

To get something by paying money.

/bikri kora/

To give something in exchange for money.

/kora/

To perform an action; combines with nouns to make many verbs.

/kaj kora/

To do a job, literally to do work.

/bhaba/

To use your mind to form ideas or opinions.

/chaowa/

To wish for or desire something.

/bhalobasha/

To feel deep affection; ami tomake bhalobashi means I love you.

/pochhondo kora/

To find something pleasant or enjoyable.

/shekha/

To gain knowledge or skill.

/jana/

To have information in your mind.

/chena/

To be familiar with a person or place.

/dewa/

To hand something to someone.

/newa/

To pick something up or accept it.

/khonja/

To try to find something.

/shahajjo kora/

To make something easier for someone.

/shuru kora/

To start doing something.

/shesh kora/

To bring something to an end.

/bhalo/

Of high quality or pleasant — the most useful Bengali adjective.

/kharap/

Of poor quality or unpleasant.

/boro/

Of great size; also means elder, as in boro bhai.

/chhoto/

Of little size; also means younger.

/notun/

Recently made or bought.

/purono/

Having existed for a long time; old Dhaka is puran Dhaka.

/torun/

Not old, in an early stage of life.

/lomba/

Of great height or length.

/khato/

Of little height or length.

/gorom/

Having a high temperature; Bengal summers are fiercely gorom.

/thanda/

Having a low temperature.

/druto/

Moving or happening quickly.

/dhir/

Moving or happening without speed.

/dami/

Costing a lot of money.

/shosta/

Costing little money.

/shundor/

Very pleasing to look at; the Sundarbans means beautiful forest.

/shohoj/

Not difficult to do or understand.

/kothin/

Hard to do or understand.

/gurutbopurno/

Having great value or significance.

/porishkar/

Free from dirt, or clear.

/mishti/

Sweet in taste — and the famous Bengali sweets themselves: roshogolla, shondesh.

/shoktishali/

Having great strength or power.

/ki/

Used to ask about things.

/ke/

Used to ask about people.

/kothay/

Used to ask about places.

/kokhon/

Used to ask about time.

/keno/

Used to ask about reasons.

/kibhabe/

Used to ask about manner or way.

/koto/

Used to ask about quantity or price.

/konta/

Used to ask about a choice between things.

/kar/

Used to ask about ownership.

/ki/

Turns a statement into a yes/no question; written without the long i.

/bari/

A building where people live, or your home village.

/ghor/

A room, or home in a cozy sense.

/rannaghor/

The room where food is prepared, literally cooking room.

/bathrum/

The room for washing.

/shobar ghor/

The room where you sleep.

/dorja/

The entrance to a room or building.

/janala/

An opening in a wall with glass that lets in light.

/tebil/

A piece of furniture with a flat top.

/cheyar/

A seat with a back for one person.

/bichhana/

A piece of furniture for sleeping.

/ghumano/

To rest with your eyes closed at night.

/kapor/

Things you wear; the sari and panjabi are classics.

/juta/

Footwear; removed before entering homes and mosques.

/chabi/

A metal object used to open locks.

/ghori/

A device that shows the time.

/telibhishon/

A device for watching programmes; everyday Bengali says TV.

/bati/

A device that gives light.

/byag/

A container with handles for carrying things.

/ranna kora/

To prepare food by heating it.

/kenakata/

The activity of buying things.

/khushi/

Feeling pleasure and joy.

/dukkho/

The feeling of being unhappy.

/rag/

The feeling of strong displeasure; also a melodic mode in music!

/bhoy/

The feeling of being afraid.

/klanto/

Needing rest after work or activity.

/khudharto/

Feeling the need to eat; everyday Bengali says khide peyechhe.

/chintito/

Feeling anxious about something.

/birokto/

Feeling tired of something uninteresting, or irritated.

/uttejito/

Full of eager anticipation.

/obak/

Feeling wonder at something unexpected.

/prem/

Romantic love, sung in a thousand Bengali songs.

/asha/

The feeling that something good will happen.