Українська(Ukrainian)

/konstytutsiia/

Constitution: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/demokratiia/

Democracy: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/spravedlyvist/

Justice: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/parlament/

Parliament: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/osnovni prava/

Fundamental Rights: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/verkhovnyi sud/

Supreme Court: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/ekonomika/

Economy: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/podatok/

Tax: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/infliatsiya/

Inflation: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/VVP/

GDP: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/vybory/

Election: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/koruptsiia/

Corruption: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/osvita/

Education: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/zdorovia/

Health: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/silske hospodarstvo/

Agriculture: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/promyslovist/

Industry: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/svoboda/

Freedom: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/rivnist/

Equality: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/navkolyshnye seredovyshche/

Environment: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/kultura/

Culture: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/mova/

Language: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/istoriia/

History: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/polityka/

Politics: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/biudzhet/

Budget: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/bidnist/

Poverty: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/naselennia/

Population: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/sotsialna spravedlyvist/

Social Justice: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/hromadianstvo/

Citizenship: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/rozvytok/

Development: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/suverenitet/

Sovereignty: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/dyplomatiia/

Diplomacy: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/prava liudyny/

Human Rights: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/stalyi rozvytok/

Sustainable Development: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/hlobalizatsiia/

Globalisation: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/innovatsiia/

Innovation: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/tekhnolohiia/

Technology: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/orhanizatsiia obiednanych natsii/

United Nations: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/reforma/

Reform: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/myr/

Peace: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/riznomanitnist/

Diversity: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/torhivlia/

Trade: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/investytsiia/

Investment: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/bezrobiittia/

Unemployment: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/fiskalna polityka/

Fiscal Policy: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/hroshovo-kredytna polityka/

Monetary Policy: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/podil vlady/

Separation of Powers: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/sotsialna derzhava/

Welfare State: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/prezydent/

President: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/premier-ministr/

Prime Minister: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/federalizm/

Federalism: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/pryvit/

The friendly everyday hello among friends and peers.

/dobryy den/

The polite hello for strangers, shops and offices.

/dobroho ranku/

A morning greeting.

/dobryy vechir/

An evening greeting.

/dobranich/

Said before going to sleep.

/yak spravy/

The everyday way to ask how someone is doing.

/dobre, dyakuyu/

The standard reply to how are you.

/dyakuyu/

The standard thank-you; shchyro dyakuyu — sincerely thank you.

/bud laska/

Please when asking — and you're welcome when thanked.

/vybachte/

An apology or polite interruption.

/nichoho/

Reassuring reply to an apology — no worries.

/tak/

Yes.

/ni/

No.

/do pobachennya/

The standard farewell — until we see each other again.

/mene zvaty/

How to introduce yourself — I am called.

/pryyemno poznayyomytys/

The polite phrase on meeting someone new.

/slava ukrayini/

The patriotic salute — answered with Heroiam slava!, Glory to the heroes!

/ya ne rozumiyu/

Said when you need clarification.

/vy hovoryte ukrayinskoyu/

A key question for language learners.

/odyn/

The number one.

/dva/

The number two.

/try/

The number three.

/chotyry/

The number four.

/pyat/

The number five.

/shist/

The number six.

/sim/

The number seven.

/visim/

The number eight.

/devyat/

The number nine.

/desyat/

The number ten.

/sto/

The number one hundred.

/tysyacha/

The number one thousand.

/sohodni/

The present day.

/zavtra/

The day after today.

/vchora/

The day before today.

/zaraz/

At this moment.

/hodyna/

An hour — kotra hodyna, what time is it.

/khvylyna/

A minute of time.

/tyzhden/

A period of seven days.

/misyats/

A month — or the moon itself; misyats also shines in folk songs.

/rik/

A year; z novym rokom — Happy New Year!

/simya/

The family — the heart of Ukrainian life.

/mama/

Mother — the endearing everyday word.

/tato/

Father — the warm everyday word.

/brat/

A male sibling.

/sestra/

A female sibling.

/syn/

A male child.

/dochka/

A female child.

/baba/

Grandmother — and a beloved baking figure; babusya with extra affection.

/did/

Grandfather — didus with more affection.

/cholovik/

Husband — also man in general.

/druzhyna/

Wife.

/dytyna/

A child.

/druh/

A friend — druzi, friends plural.

/susid/

A neighbor.

/zhinka/

An adult female person.

/voda/

Water — Ukraine's rivers Dnipro and Dniester are lifelines.

/kava/

Coffee — Ukrainians love strong espresso; Lviv is famous for its coffee culture.

/chay/

Tea with cherry jam and honey — Ukrainian hearth warmth.

/borshch/

The iconic crimson beet-and-cabbage soup — Ukraine's proudest dish, protected by UNESCO.

/varenyky/

Plump boiled dumplings with potato, cherry or cabbage — staple of every holiday table.

/salo/

Cured pork fatback — Ukraine's most beloved food symbol, eaten with rye bread and garlic.

/khlib/

Bread — khlib-sil, bread and salt, is the welcoming gesture for honored guests.

/sil/

Salt — part of the bread-and-salt welcome ceremony.

/tsukr/

Sugar.

/mid/

Honey — Ukraine's bee-keeping tradition stretches back millennia.

/myaso/

Meat of any kind.

/ryba/

Fish — the Dnipro has always been Ukraine's great fishing river.

/ovochi/

Vegetables — Ukraine's black-soil harvests are legendary.

/buryak/

Beetroot — the heart of borshch and symbol of Ukraine.

/frukty/

Fruit.

/yabluko/

An apple — Ukrainian orchards are famous.

/pampushky/

Fluffy garlic rolls served alongside borshch — you cannot have one without the other.

/varenyky z vishneyu/

Sweet dumplings filled with sour cherries — a summer treat dusted with sugar.

/holodets/

Pork aspic — a festive staple on New Year's tables.

/kvas/

Fermented rye bread drink — tangy and refreshing on hot summer days.

/holodnyy/

Needing food; ya holodnyy — I am hungry.

/dim/

Home — vdoma, at home.

/kvartyra/

An apartment — most urban Ukrainians live in Soviet-era bloks.

/misto/

A city — Kyiv, Lviv, Kharkiv, Odesa.

/selo/

The Ukrainian village — its embroidered traditions and folk songs live on.

/kyiv/

Ukraine's capital — the mother of Slavic cities, home of Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra.

/lviv/

Ukraine's western cultural capital — cobblestones, cafés and Galician heritage.

/rynok/

A market — Lviv's Rynok Square is its cobbled heart.

/mahazyn/

A shop.

/vulytsia/

A street.

/park/

A public park — Ukrainians love strolling in parks.

/tserkva/

An Orthodox or Greek-Catholic church — their golden domes dot the Ukrainian skyline.

/shkola/

School for children.

/universytet/

A university.

/likarnya/

A hospital.

/avtobus/

A bus.

/metro/

The subway — Kyiv's metro has the deepest station in the world.

/mashyna/

An automobile.

/doroha/

A road — and the word for journey or dear (doroha, adj.).

/de/

Question word for place.

/shcho/

Question word for things.

/khto/

Question word for people.

/koly/

Question word for time.

/chomu/

Question word for reason.

/yak/

Question word for manner.

/skilky/

Asks quantity or price.

/yakyy/

Question word for type or selection.

/richka/

A river — the Dnipro is Ukraine's mighty spine.

/more/

The sea — Ukraine meets the Black Sea and Sea of Azov.

/ozero/

A lake.

/lis/

A forest — Ukraine's Carpathian forests are the lung of Europe.

/hora/

A mountain — the Carpathians are Ukraine's beloved highlands.

/pole/

A field — Ukraine's steppe is the world's breadbasket.

/pshenytsia/

Wheat — Ukraine's flag blue and gold echo sky over wheat fields.

/sonyashnyk/

The sunflower — Ukraine is the world's top sunflower oil producer; fields of them are iconic.

/kvitka/

A flower — vyshyvanka patterns are full of flowers.

/derevo/

A tree — the kalyna (viburnum) is Ukraine's most sacred tree.

/sontse/

The sun — and a beloved term of endearment, sontse moye.

/zirka/

A star — and a popular Ukrainian girl's name.

/nebo/

The sky and heaven — blue and gold like the Ukrainian flag.

/pohoda/

The weather.

/doshch/

Rain.

/snig/

Snow — Ukrainian winters bring deep snow.

/holova/

The head — also a chief or leader.

/ochi/

Eyes — chornyi ochi, dark eyes, fill Ukrainian folk songs.

/ruka/

Hand or arm.

/noha/

Foot or leg.

/sertse/

The heart — the embroidered heart motif is central to vyshyvanka patterns.

/bil/

Pain or ache.

/lyky/

Medication.

/likar/

A doctor.

/khvoryy/

Ill, unwell.

/son/

Sleep — or the dream within it; solodkykh sniv, sweet dreams.

/robota/

Work — the word robot comes from the Ukrainian/Slavic word for labor.

/ofis/

An office.

/hroshi/

Money.

/hryvnya/

Ukraine's currency — named after an old Kyivan Rus necklace of gold.

/tsina/

The cost of something.

/vchytel/

A teacher.

/uchenytsia/

A female student — uchyen for a boy.

/zarobitok/

Wages or earnings from work.

/knyha/

A book — Shevchenko's Kobzar is every Ukrainian's treasured book.

/shevchenko/

Taras Shevchenko — Ukraine's national poet, painter and symbol of the spirit.

/ukrayinska mova/

The language of Ukraine — melodic, ancient, and fiercely cherished.

/ukrayina/

The nation of Ukraine — land of wheat, sunflowers and indomitable spirit.

/prapor/

Ukraine's blue-and-yellow flag — sky over a sunlit field.

/vyshyvanka/

The embroidered folk shirt — worn with pride, each region has its own patterns.

/pisnya/

A song — Ukraine's folk songs (narodni pisni) carry centuries of memory.

/muzyka/

Music.

/tanets/

Dance — Hopak, Ukraine's national dance, is sheer athletic exuberance.

/hopak/

The explosive national folk dance — leaps, squats and whirls to bandura music.

/kozak/

The legendary Cossacks — free warriors of the steppe, founders of Ukrainian identity.

/svyato/

A holiday or festival.

/rizdvo/

Ukrainian Christmas on January 7 — with didukh wheat sheaves, caroling and twelve-dish Svyata Vyechera.

/velykden/

Ukrainian Easter — pysanky eggs, paska bread, and Khrystos Voskrese!

/pysanka/

The wax-resist decorated Easter egg — geometric patterns carry ancient cosmic symbols.

/bandura/

Ukraine's national instrument — a harp-lute hybrid, the kobzar's companion.

/ity/

To walk or go; ya idu — I am going.

/prykhodyty/

To come or arrive.

/yisty/

To eat.

/pyty/

To drink.

/bachyty/

To see or notice.

/slukhaty/

To listen or hear.

/hovoryty/

To speak or say.

/rozumity/

To understand.

/znaty/

To know; ya znayuy — I know.

/kupuvaty/

To purchase.

/prodavaty/

To sell.

/davaty/

To give; day — give!

/braty/

To take or grab.

/chytaty/

To read.

/pysaty/

To write — the same root as pysanka (decorated egg).

/spaty/

To sleep.

/prokydatysya/

To wake up.

/zapytaty/

To ask a question.

/vidpovisty/

To answer or reply.

/kokhaty/

To love romantically — kokhannya is romantic love.

/lyubyty/

To love broadly — family, country, food; lyublyu — I love.

/velykyy/

Large — Velykden, Easter, is the Great Day.

/malenkyi/

Small — and used endearingly, malenkyi + diminutive suffix.

/harnyy/

Beautiful or handsome — the most versatile compliment.

/krasyvyy/

Strikingly beautiful — krasyvyi cholovik, a handsome man.

/novyy/

New; novyi rik, new year.

/staryy/

Old — for things and people.

/dobryy/

Good or kind — dobra lyudyna, a good person.

/pohanyy/

Bad or poor quality.

/haryachyy/

Hot in temperature.

/kholodnyy/

Cold in temperature.

/syniу/

Blue — the top half of Ukraine's flag.

/zhovtyy/

Yellow — the bottom half of Ukraine's flag, the wheat fields.

/chervonyy/

Red — chervona kalyna, the red viburnum, is a beloved folk symbol.

/zelenyy/

Green — the Carpathian forests and the hope of spring.

/chystyy/

Clean — and pure in spirit; chysta dusha, a pure soul.

/brudnyy/

Dirty, unclean.

/deshevyy/

Inexpensive.

/dorogyy/

Expensive — or beloved; doroha lyudyna, dear person.

/ranok/

Morning — dobroho ranku, good morning.

/vechir/

Evening — dobryy vechir, good evening.

/nich/

Night — dobranich, good night.

/odyah/

Clothing in general.

/stil/

A table.

/stilets/

A chair.

/vikno/

A window.

/dveri/

A door.

/telefon/

A phone — dzvonyty, to phone.

/internet/

The internet.

/dnipro/

Ukraine's great river — Shevchenko called it wide and mighty.

/kokhannya/

Deep romantic love — the theme of countless Ukrainian folk songs.

/radist/

Joy and happiness.

/sumnyy/

Sad; sum, sadness.

/smiyatysya/

To laugh.

/plakaty/

To weep.

/nadiya/

Hope — also one of Ukraine's most beloved women's names.

/zhyttya/

Life — zhyttya prodovzhuetsya, life goes on.

/lyudy/

People; lyudyna, a person.

/sertse moye/

A warm address for someone you love.

/svitanok/

Dawn — svitanok fills Ukrainian poetry as a metaphor of hope.

/vesna/

Spring — the season of renewal and Easter.

/lito/

Summer.

/zyma/

Winter — Ukrainian winters bring deep frost and Christmas magic.

/traven/

May — the month of flowers and Victory Day.

/snidanok/

Breakfast.

/obid/

The midday meal.

/vecherya/

The evening meal — Svyata Vecherya, the Holy Supper on Christmas Eve.

/zustrytysya z druzyamy/

Meeting up with friends — a beloved Ukrainian pastime.

/veselo/

Joyfully, with merriment.

/vitaty/

To greet someone or offer congratulations.

/dopomahaty/

To help or assist.

/zhyty/

To live or reside.

/pratsyuvaty/

To work; pracyuyu — I work.

/tysha/

Silence — the deep quiet of a Carpathian forest at dawn.

/ridni/

Dear ones — family and close relatives collectively.

/patriot/

A patriot — Ukrainian patriotism is fierce and celebrated.

/viter/

Wind — steppe winds blow across Ukraine's open plains.

/tvaryny/

Animals.

/kit/

A cat.

/sobaka/

A dog.

/ptakh/

A bird — the nightingale (solovey) sings in folk poems.

/korova/

A cow — Ukrainian cows produce the milk for salo and butter.

/muzey/

A museum — Ukraine's museums preserve extraordinary heritage.

/mystetstvo/

Art — Ukrainian folk art (vyshyvanka, pysanka) is world renowned.

/yaytse/

An egg — decorated, it becomes the pysanka.

/tradytsiya/

A tradition — Ukrainian traditions survived centuries of hardship.

/nezalezhnist/

Independence — Ukraine's Independence Day is August 24.

/kartoplya/

The potato — central to varenyky and draniki (potato pancakes).

/kapusta/

Cabbage — into borshch, into holubtsi (stuffed rolls), into salads.

/holubtsi/

Cabbage rolls filled with rice and meat — another classic Ukrainian dish.

/vitannya z nahody/

A standard congratulatory phrase for birthdays, holidays and milestones.

/duzhe dyakuyu/

A warmer, stronger thank-you.

/budmo/

The Ukrainian toast — may we be (alive, together, healthy) — shouted three times at every celebration.