Français(French)

/constitution/

La loi fondamentale définissant la structure de l'État et les droits des citoyens.

Constitution

/démocratie/

A system where citizens participate in governance through elected representatives.

/justice/

Fair and impartial administration of law.

/parlement/

The supreme legislative body of a state.

/droits fondamentaux/

Rights guaranteed to citizens by the constitution.

/Conseil constitutionnel/

France's supreme constitutional authority.

/économie/

System of production, distribution, and consumption.

/impôt/

Compulsory payment collected by government.

/inflation/

Sustained rise in general price levels.

/PIB/

Total value of goods and services produced in a country.

/élection/

Process of selecting representatives through voting.

/corruption/

Abuse of power for personal gain.

/éducation/

Process of acquiring knowledge and skills.

/santé/

State of physical and mental well-being.

/agriculture/

Practice of farming and cultivation.

/industrie/

Economic activity involving manufacturing.

/liberté/

The power to act without restraint.

/égalité/

Equal rights and opportunities for all.

/environnement/

The natural world.

/culture/

The customs and achievements of a people.

/langue/

A system of communication.

/histoire/

The recorded past of human civilization.

/politique/

Activities related to governance and power.

/budget/

Annual financial plan of government.

/pauvreté/

Insufficient income to meet basic needs.

/population/

Total number of people in a region.

/justice sociale/

Fair distribution of resources in society.

/citoyenneté/

Legal membership of a state.

/développement/

Economic and social progress.

/souveraineté/

Supreme authority of a state.

/diplomatie/

Management of international relations.

/droits de l'homme/

Universal rights belonging to every person.

/développement durable/

Development meeting present needs without compromising the future.

/mondialisation/

Integration of world economies and cultures.

/innovation/

Introduction of new ideas and methods.

/technologie/

Application of scientific knowledge.

/Nations Unies/

International organisation promoting peace.

/réforme/

Changes aimed at improving a system.

/paix/

Freedom from conflict; harmony.

/diversité/

Variety of cultures and traditions.

/commerce/

Buying and selling between countries.

/investissement/

Allocation of resources to generate returns.

/chômage/

State of lacking paid work.

/politique budgétaire/

Government policy on taxation and expenditure.

/politique monétaire/

Central bank policy on money supply.

/séparation des pouvoirs/

Division into legislative, executive, and judicial branches.

/État-providence/

State protecting citizens' well-being.

/président/

Head of state.

/premier ministre/

Head of government.

/laïcité/

La laïcité est un principe fondamental de la République française.

Secularism / Laïcité

/bonjour/

A standard greeting used when meeting someone.

/au revoir/

A farewell phrase used when parting from someone.

/s'il vous plait/

A polite expression used when making a request.

/merci/

An expression of gratitude toward another person.

/oui/

An affirmative response to a question or statement.

/non/

A negative response to a question or statement.

/excusez-moi/

A polite phrase used to get attention or apologize for a minor inconvenience.

/desole/

An expression of apology or regret for an action.

/bonsoir/

A greeting used in the evening hours of the day.

/bonne nuit/

A farewell said at night or before sleeping.

/un/

The number representing a single unit.

/deux/

The number representing two units.

/trois/

The number representing three units.

/dix/

The number representing ten units.

/cent/

The number representing one hundred units.

/aujourd'hui/

The current day on which something is happening.

/demain/

The day that follows the current day.

/hier/

The day that preceded the current day.

/heure/

A unit of time equal to sixty minutes.

/semaine/

A period of seven consecutive days.

/mere/

A female parent of a child.

/pere/

A male parent of a child.

/frere/

A male sibling sharing the same parents.

/soeur/

A female sibling sharing the same parents.

/enfant/

A young human being below the age of puberty.

/ami/

A person with whom one has a bond of mutual affection.

/mari/

A married man in relation to his spouse.

/femme/

A married woman in relation to her spouse.

/grand-pere/

The father of one's father or mother.

/grand-mere/

The mother of one's father or mother.

/pain/

A staple food made from flour, water, and yeast.

/eau/

A clear colorless liquid essential for life.

/vin/

An alcoholic drink made from fermented grape juice.

/fromage/

A dairy product made from curdled milk.

/cafe/

A hot drink made from roasted and ground coffee beans.

/viande/

The flesh of an animal used as food.

/legume/

A plant or part of a plant used as food.

/fruit/

The sweet edible part of a plant containing seeds.

/soupe/

A liquid dish made by boiling vegetables or meat in water.

/dessert/

A sweet course eaten at the end of a meal.

/gare/

A place where trains stop to pick up and drop off passengers.

/aeroport/

A place where aircraft take off and land.

/hotel/

An establishment providing lodging for paying guests.

/rue/

A public road in a city or town.

/ville/

A large town where many people live and work.

/pays/

A nation with its own government and territory.

/plage/

A sandy or pebbly shore by the sea.

/musee/

A building where objects of historical or cultural interest are displayed.

/restaurant/

A place where people pay to sit and eat meals.

/pharmacie/

A shop where medicines and health products are sold.

/montagne/

A large natural elevation of earth and rock.

/riviere/

A large natural stream of water flowing to the sea.

/arbre/

A tall plant with a wooden trunk and branches.

/fleur/

The colorful blossom of a plant.

/soleil/

The star at the center of our solar system that gives light and warmth.

/pluie/

Water that falls from clouds in drops.

/ciel/

The expanse of atmosphere and space seen from earth.

/foret/

A large area covered with trees and undergrowth.

/mer/

A large body of salt water.

/vent/

The natural movement of air outdoors.

/tete/

The upper part of the body containing the brain and face.

/main/

The end part of the arm used for grasping and touching.

/oeil/

The organ of sight in humans and animals.

/medecin/

A person qualified to practice medicine and treat illness.

/hopital/

An institution providing medical and surgical treatment.

/medicament/

A substance used to treat or prevent illness.

/coeur/

The organ in the chest that pumps blood through the body.

/dos/

The rear surface of the human body from the shoulders to the hips.

/travail/

Activity involving mental or physical effort done to achieve a result.

/bureau/

A room or building used for professional work.

/reunion/

An organized gathering of people for a specific purpose.

/argent/

A medium of exchange used to purchase goods and services.

/entreprise/

A business organization that sells goods or services.

/contrat/

A legally binding written agreement between parties.

/salaire/

A fixed regular payment made to an employee by an employer.

/collegue/

A person with whom one works in a profession or business.

/projet/

A planned piece of work with a specific goal and timeline.

/liberte/

The power to act or speak without restriction.

/revolution/

A fundamental and rapid change in political or social structure.

/tradition/

A long-established custom passed down through generations.

/art/

The expression of human creativity and imagination.

/musique/

The art of combining sounds in a pleasing or expressive way.

/cinema/

A place where films are shown to an audience.

/etre/

To exist or have a quality, state, or identity.

/avoir/

To possess, own, or hold something.

/aller/

To move or travel to a place.

/venir/

To move toward the speaker or a specified place.

/manger/

To put food into the mouth, chew, and swallow it.

/boire/

To take liquid into the mouth and swallow it.

/parler/

To say words aloud and communicate verbally.

/comprendre/

To perceive the meaning or intention of something.

/savoir/

To have information or awareness of a fact or skill.

/vouloir/

To have a desire or wish for something.

/voir/

To perceive with the eyes.

/penser/

To use the mind to consider or reason about something.

/donner/

To freely transfer the possession of something to someone.

/prendre/

To reach out and hold something in one's hand.

/faire/

To produce or create something through work or effort.

/mettre/

To place something in a particular position.

/grand/

Of a large size, extent, or amount.

/petit/

Of a limited size, less than the usual amount.

/beau/

Pleasing to the senses or mind aesthetically.

/nouveau/

Recently made, introduced, or discovered.

/vieux/

Having lived or existed for a long time.

/bon/

Of high quality or a satisfactory standard.

/mauvais/

Of poor quality or an unsatisfactory standard.

/heureux/

Feeling or showing pleasure and contentment.

/difficile/

Needing much effort or skill to accomplish.

/facile/

Achieved without great effort; presenting few difficulties.

/quoi/

Used to ask for information about something.

/qui/

Used to ask about a person's identity.

/ou/

Used to ask about a location or place.

/quand/

Used to ask about time or occasion.

/pourquoi/

Used to ask for a reason or explanation.

/comment/

Used to ask about the way or manner in which something is done.

/combien/

Used to ask about quantity or price.

/quel/

Used to ask about a choice between options.

/maison/

A building in which people live.

/porte/

A hinged barrier used to close the entrance to a building or room.

/fenetre/

An opening in a wall fitted with glass to let in light and air.

/cuisine/

A room where food is prepared and cooked.

/chambre/

A room used primarily for sleeping.

/salle de bain/

A room containing a bath or shower and usually a toilet.

/table/

A piece of furniture with a flat top supported by legs.

/chaise/

A separate seat for one person, typically with a back.

/livre/

A written work published in printed or electronic form.

/telephone/

A device used to make and receive calls.

/voiture/

A road vehicle powered by a motor with four wheels.

/bus/

A large motor vehicle carrying passengers along a fixed route.

/joyeux/

Feeling or expressing great happiness.

/triste/

Feeling or showing sorrow or unhappiness.

/fache/

Feeling strong displeasure or hostility.

/peur/

An unpleasant emotion caused by danger or threat.

/amour/

A deep feeling of affection and attachment toward someone.

/joie/

A feeling of great pleasure and happiness.

/surprise/

A feeling caused by something unexpected.

/espoir/

A feeling that something desired is possible.

/solitude/

The state of being alone and feeling unhappy about it.

/fierte/

A feeling of deep pleasure from achievements or qualities.

/mois/

One of the twelve periods into which a year is divided.

/an/

A period of twelve months, especially from January to December.

/matin/

The period of time from dawn to noon.

/soir/

The period from late afternoon to night.

/nuit/

The period of darkness between sunset and sunrise.

/oncle/

The brother of one's father or mother.

/tante/

The sister of one's father or mother.

/cousin/

A child of one's uncle or aunt.

/voisin/

A person who lives near or next to another.

/personne/

A human being regarded as an individual.

/oeuf/

An oval object laid by a bird, used as food.

/lait/

A white liquid produced by mammals and used as food.

/beurre/

A yellow fatty food made from cream.

/sucre/

A sweet crystalline substance obtained from sugar cane.

/sel/

A white crystalline substance used to flavor food.

/pont/

A structure built over water to allow people to cross.

/marche/

A regular gathering where goods are bought and sold.

/place/

An open public area in a town, often with buildings around it.

/parc/

A large public garden for recreation.

/bibliotheque/

A building where books are kept for public use.

/nuage/

A visible mass of condensed water vapour floating in the sky.

/neige/

Frozen atmospheric water that falls as soft white flakes.

/terre/

The planet on which we live; also the ground beneath our feet.

/animal/

A living organism that feeds on organic matter.

/oiseau/

A warm-blooded animal with feathers and wings.

/pied/

The lower extremity of the leg on which a person stands.

/bras/

Each of the two upper limbs of the human body.

/jambe/

Each of the limbs on which a person stands and walks.

/dent/

A hard structure in the mouth used for biting and chewing.

/sommeil/

A regular state of rest for the body and mind.

/banque/

A financial institution that manages money.

/facture/

A document listing goods or services and their cost.

/client/

A person or organization that uses professional services.

/delai/

The latest time by which something must be completed.

/egalite/

The state of being equal in rights, status, and opportunities.

/fraternite/

A feeling of friendship and mutual support between people.

/republique/

A state in which power is held by the people and their elected representatives.

/litterature/

Written works regarded as having artistic merit.

/mode/

A popular trend in clothing and lifestyle at a particular time.

/lire/

To look at and comprehend the meaning of written text.

/ecrire/

To mark letters or words on a surface with a pen or pencil.

/ecouter/

To pay attention to sound with the intention of hearing it.

/acheter/

To obtain something in exchange for payment.

/vendre/

To exchange goods or services for money.

/voyager/

To make a journey from one place to another.

/apprendre/

To gain knowledge or skill through study or experience.

/aimer/

To feel a deep affection or strong liking for something.

/dormir/

To rest with the eyes closed and the mind unconscious.

/ouvrir/

To move so as to leave a space allowing access.

/fermer/

To move so as to cover an opening.

/rapide/

Moving or able to move at high speed.

/lent/

Not moving quickly; taking a long time.

/chaud/

Having a high temperature.

/froid/

Having a low temperature.

/fort/

Having great physical power or a robust constitution.

/faible/

Lacking physical strength or power.

/riche/

Having a great deal of money or assets.

/pauvre/

Lacking sufficient money to live comfortably.

/interessant/

Arousing curiosity or holding attention.

/important/

Of great significance or value.

/ecole/

An institution where children receive education.

/universite/

A high-level educational institution offering degrees.

/supermarche/

A large self-service shop selling food and household goods.

/poste/

A place where postal services are provided.

/journal/

A daily or weekly printed publication containing news.

/television/

A device for receiving broadcast images and sound.

/ordinateur/

An electronic device for processing and storing data.

/portefeuille/

A flat folding case for holding money and cards.

/cle/

A small metal instrument used to open a lock.

/parapluie/

A device used to protect against rain.

/colere/

A strong feeling of annoyance, displeasure, or hostility.

/confiance/

A firm belief in the reliability or truth of someone.

/regret/

A feeling of sadness over something that has happened.

/jalousie/

A feeling of unhappiness caused by believing another has something better.

/confort/

A state of physical ease and freedom from pain.

/cinq/

The number representing five units.

/vingt/

The number representing twenty units.

/premier/

Coming before all others in time, order, or importance.

/dernier/

Coming after all others in time or order.

/souvent/

Frequently; many times.

/fils/

A male child in relation to his parents.

/fille/

A female child in relation to her parents.

/couple/

Two people who are in a romantic relationship.

/homme/

An adult male human being.

/riz/

A cereal grain that is a staple food in many countries.

/poisson/

A cold-blooded aquatic animal used as food.

/poulet/

A domestic bird raised for its meat and eggs.

/jus/

The liquid obtained from fruit or vegetables.

/gateau/

A sweet baked dish made from flour, sugar, and eggs.

/billet/

A piece of paper giving the holder the right to travel or attend an event.

/carte/

A diagrammatic representation of an area of land or sea.

/bagage/

Bags and suitcases used when travelling.

/passeport/

An official document certifying the holder's identity for international travel.

/frontiere/

A line dividing two countries or regions.

/lac/

A large area of water surrounded by land.

/ile/

A piece of land surrounded by water.

/vallee/

A low area of land between hills or mountains.

/epaule/

The joint between the arm and the upper body.

/ventre/

The internal organ where food is digested.

/negociation/

Discussion aimed at reaching an agreement.

/democratie/

A system of government in which people vote for their leaders.

/philosophie/

The study of fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, and ethics.

/courir/

To move swiftly on foot.

/trouver/

To discover or locate something or someone.

/mince/

Having very little flesh or fat on the body.

/propre/

Free from dirt, marks, or impurities.

/deja/

Before the time expected or mentioned.

/jamais/

At no time in the past or future.