ไทย(Thai)

/ratthathammanun/

Constitution: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/prachathippatai/

Democracy: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/khwam yuttitham/

Justice: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/ratthasapha/

Parliament: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/sitti khan phuenthan/

Fundamental Rights: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/san dika/

Supreme Court: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/setthakit/

Economy: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/phasi/

Tax: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/ngoen foe/

Inflation: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/GDP/

GDP: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/kan lueaktang/

Election: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/kan thutcharit/

Corruption: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/kan sueksa/

Education: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/sukhaphap/

Health: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/kasetakam/

Agriculture: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/utsahakam/

Industry: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/seriphap/

Freedom: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/khwam tha thiam/

Equality: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/sing waetlom/

Environment: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/watthanatham/

Culture: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/phasa/

Language: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/prawattisat/

History: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/kanmueang/

Politics: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/ngop praman/

Budget: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/khwam yak chon/

Poverty: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/prachakorn/

Population: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/khwam yuttitham thang sangkhom/

Social Justice: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/sanchat/

Citizenship: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/kan phatthana/

Development: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/amnat athippatai/

Sovereignty: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/kan thut/

Diplomacy: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/sitti manutson/

Human Rights: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/kan phatthana thi yang yuen/

Sustainable Development: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/lokaphiwat/

Globalisation: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/nawatakam/

Innovation: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/theknoloyi/

Technology: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/sahaprachachat/

United Nations: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/kan patiroop/

Reform: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/santiphap/

Peace: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/khwam lak lai/

Diversity: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/kan kha/

Trade: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/kan long thun/

Investment: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/kan wang ngan/

Unemployment: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/nayobai kan khlang/

Fiscal Policy: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/nayobai kan ngoen/

Monetary Policy: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/kan baeng yaek amnat/

Separation of Powers: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/rat sawatdikan/

Welfare State: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/prathanathipodi/

President: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/nayok ratthamontri/

Prime Minister: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/sahaphan rat/

Federalism: a key concept in governance, law, and public administration.

/sawatdi/

The universal Thai greeting, used any time of day; men add khrap, women add kha.

/arun sawat/

A formal morning greeting; in everyday speech Thais simply say sawatdi.

/ratri sawat/

A polite phrase said before going to bed.

/la kon/

A farewell for longer partings; for casual goodbyes Thais often say sawatdi.

/laeo choe kan/

A casual way to say goodbye to someone you will meet again.

/khop khun/

The standard expression of gratitude, often with a wai gesture.

/mai pen rai/

The famous Thai phrase of easy-goingness: never mind, it's okay, you're welcome.

/kho thot/

An apology, also used to get someone's attention politely.

/chai/

An affirmative answer confirming something is true.

/mai chai/

A negative answer meaning that something is not the case.

/sabai di mai/

A common question asking about wellbeing, literally are you comfortable.

/sabai di/

The standard reply to how are you, meaning comfortable and well.

/phom chue/

How a man introduces himself; a woman says chan chue or dichan chue.

/yindi thi dai ru chak/

Said when meeting someone for the first time.

/yindi ton rap/

Used to welcome guests or visitors.

/chok di/

A wish for success, also used as a casual goodbye.

/chon kaeo/

A toast, literally clink glasses.

/mai khao chai/

A useful phrase for learners when something is unclear.

/nueng/

The number one.

/song/

The number two.

/sam/

The number three.

/si/

The number four.

/ha/

The number five; typing 555 means hahaha in Thai internet slang.

/hok/

The number six.

/chet/

The number seven.

/paet/

The number eight.

/kao/

The number nine; considered lucky because it sounds like moving forward.

/sip/

The number ten.

/roi/

The number one hundred.

/phan/

The number one thousand.

/wan ni/

The present day.

/phrung ni/

The day after today.

/muea wan/

The day before today.

/ton ni/

At the present moment.

/chua mong/

A period of sixty minutes.

/nathi/

A period of sixty seconds.

/sapda/

A period of seven days; colloquially also athit.

/pi/

A period of twelve months.

/khrop khrua/

A group of people related by blood or marriage.

/mae/

A female parent.

/pho/

A male parent.

/phi chai/

Thai distinguishes older and younger siblings; phi means older sibling.

/phi sao/

An older female sibling.

/nong chai/

A younger male sibling; nong means younger sibling.

/nong sao/

A younger female sibling.

/luk chai/

A male child in relation to his parents.

/luk sao/

A female child in relation to her parents.

/pu/

Your father's father; the mother's father is ta.

/ya/

Your father's mother; the mother's mother is yai.

/sami/

The man a woman is married to.

/phanraya/

The woman a man is married to.

/dek/

A young person.

/phuean/

A person you know well and like.

/phu chai/

An adult male person.

/phu ying/

An adult female person.

/khru/

A person who teaches; teachers are highly respected in Thai culture.

/nam/

The clear liquid essential for life; also appears in many compounds.

/cha/

A hot or iced drink; Thai iced tea, cha yen, is world-famous.

/kafae/

A hot or iced drink made from coffee beans.

/khao/

The staple Thai food; eating a meal is literally kin khao, to eat rice.

/kuai tiao/

Noodle soup, one of the most popular Thai street foods.

/nuea/

Meat in general, or specifically beef.

/kai/

Chicken meat, central to dishes like khao man kai.

/pla/

An animal that lives in water, eaten as food.

/khai/

An egg laid by a hen, a common breakfast food.

/phak/

Plants grown for food.

/phonlamai/

Sweet plant foods; Thailand is famous for its tropical fruit.

/mamuang/

A sweet tropical fruit; mango sticky rice is a beloved dessert.

/nom/

A white drink produced by cows.

/nam phonlamai/

A drink made from pressed fruit.

/namtan/

A sweet substance; Thai food often balances sweet, sour, salty, and spicy.

/kluea/

A white substance used to season food.

/phet/

Hot in taste; the defining flavour of Thai cuisine.

/ahan chao/

The first meal of the day.

/ahan klang wan/

The meal eaten in the middle of the day.

/ahan yen/

The meal eaten in the evening.

/sanam bin/

A place where airplanes take off and land.

/khrueang bin/

A flying vehicle with wings and engines.

/rot fai/

A connected line of carriages that runs on rails.

/sathani/

A place where trains or buses stop for passengers.

/rot me/

A city bus; a long-distance coach is rot bat or rot tua.

/thaeksi/

A car you pay to be driven somewhere in; Bangkok taxis are colourful.

/tuk tuk/

The iconic three-wheeled Thai taxi.

/rong raem/

A place where travelers pay to stay overnight.

/ran ahan/

A place where you pay to eat meals.

/mueang/

A large town; Thailand itself is called mueang Thai.

/mu ban/

A small settlement in the countryside.

/thanon/

A road in a city or town.

/nangsue doen thang/

An official document needed for traveling abroad, literally travel book.

/tua/

A piece of paper that allows you to travel or enter a place.

/phaen thi/

A drawing showing streets, cities, or countries.

/thanakan/

A place where people keep and borrow money.

/talat/

A place where goods are sold; Thai night markets and floating markets are famous.

/chai hat/

A sandy shore by the sea; Thailand's beaches draw visitors worldwide.

/thiao/

To travel for fun; pai thiao means to go on a trip.

/phra athit/

The star that gives Earth light and warmth.

/phra chan/

The bright object seen in the sky at night.

/dao/

A point of light visible in the night sky.

/thong fa/

The space above the earth where clouds and stars appear.

/thale/

The large body of salt water; Thailand has two beautiful coastlines.

/mae nam/

A large natural stream of water, literally mother of water.

/phukhao/

A very high hill; northern Thailand is full of mountains.

/pa/

A large area covered with trees.

/ton mai/

A tall plant with a trunk, branches, and leaves.

/dok mai/

The colorful blossom of a plant.

/fon/

Water that falls from clouds; the rainy season runs roughly May to October.

/lom/

Moving air that you can feel.

/akat/

The condition of the air; also means the air itself.

/sat/

A living creature such as a dog, bird, or fish.

/chang/

The national animal of Thailand, a symbol of strength and luck.

/maeo/

A small pet animal; the Siamese cat originated in Thailand.

/rang kai/

The whole physical structure of a person.

/hua/

The top part of the body; in Thai culture the head is sacred — never touch it.

/ta/

The part of the body used for seeing; also means maternal grandfather.

/hu/

The part of the body used for hearing.

/chamuk/

The part of the face used for smelling and breathing.

/pak/

The part of the face used for eating and speaking.

/mue/

The part of the body at the end of the arm; used in the wai greeting.

/thao/

The part at the end of the leg; pointing feet at people is impolite in Thailand.

/hua chai/

The organ that pumps blood, also used for feelings.

/phom/

The hair on the head; the same word is the male pronoun I.

/thong/

The belly; puat thong means stomach ache.

/mo/

A person trained to treat sick people.

/rong phayaban/

A place where sick people are treated.

/ya/

Something you take to treat an illness.

/puai/

Ill, not in good health.

/ngan/

A job or task; also means a festival or event.

/borisat/

A business organization that sells goods or services.

/samnak ngan/

A room or building where people work at desks.

/chao nai/

The person in charge at work.

/phuean ruam ngan/

A person you work with, literally friend who shares work.

/prachum/

An occasion when people come together to discuss something.

/ngoen/

Coins and banknotes; the word also means silver.

/ngoen duean/

The money you receive monthly for your work, literally month money.

/khomphiotoe/

An electronic machine used for work and entertainment; a loanword.

/thorasap/

A device used for calling people; a mobile is mue thue.

/achip/

The type of work a person is trained to do.

/khrongkan/

A planned piece of work with a clear goal.

/luk kha/

A person who buys goods or services.

/sanya/

A formal written agreement; also means a promise.

/phu chatkan/

The person who leads a company, shop, or team.

/rong ngan/

A building where goods are made with machines.

/nangsue/

Written pages bound together for reading.

/dontri/

Sounds arranged in a pleasing way, made by voices or instruments.

/nang/

A story shown in moving pictures; also means leather.

/sinlapa/

Painting, sculpture, and other creative work.

/phiphitthaphan/

A building where important objects and art are shown.

/thetsakan/

A special time of celebration.

/songkran/

The Thai New Year water festival in April, famous worldwide.

/satsana/

Belief in and worship of a god or gods; most Thais are Buddhist.

/wat/

A Buddhist temple; Thailand has more than forty thousand of them.

/khao/

Reports about recent events.

/ratthaban/

The group of people who rule a country.

/pen/

To be something or someone; used with nouns.

/mi/

To own or possess something; also expresses there is.

/pai/

To move from one place to another.

/ma/

To move toward the speaker or a place.

/kin/

To put food in your mouth; kin khao literally means eat rice.

/duem/

To take liquid into your mouth and swallow it.

/hen/

To notice something with your eyes.

/fang/

To pay attention to sounds or speech.

/phut/

To say words, to talk.

/an/

To look at words and understand them.

/khian/

To form letters and words on paper or a screen.

/sue/

To get something by paying money.

/khai/

To give something in exchange for money.

/tham/

To perform an action or create something.

/tham ngan/

To do a job, literally to do work.

/khit/

To use your mind to form ideas or opinions.

/yak/

To wish to do something; used before another verb.

/rak/

To feel deep affection for someone.

/chop/

To find something pleasant or enjoyable.

/rian/

To gain knowledge or skill.

/ru/

To have information in your mind.

/ru chak/

To be familiar with a person, place, or thing.

/hai/

To hand something to someone; also marks for someone.

/ao/

To take something; also used for ordering, like ao kafae.

/ha/

To try to find something or someone.

/chuai/

To make something easier for someone.

/roem/

To start doing something.

/set/

To be done or completed.

/di/

Of high quality or pleasant; appears in sawatdi and sabai di.

/mai di/

Not good; Thai often negates di rather than using a separate word.

/yai/

Of great size.

/lek/

Of little size.

/mai/

Recently made or bought.

/kao/

Having existed for a long time; for people use kae.

/ron/

Having a high temperature; Thailand's hot season is very hot indeed.

/yen/

Having a low temperature; also means evening, as in ahan yen.

/nao/

Cold as a feeling or weather; the cool season is na nao.

/reo/

Moving or happening quickly.

/cha/

Moving or happening without speed.

/phaeng/

Costing a lot of money.

/thuk/

Costing little money; the same word also means correct.

/suai/

Very pleasing to look at.

/ngai/

Not difficult to do or understand.

/yak/

Hard to do or understand.

/samkhan/

Having great value or significance.

/sa-at/

Free from dirt.

/sung/

Of great height.

/yao/

Of great length.

/san/

Of little length or duration.

/aroi/

Having a pleasant taste; one of the most useful Thai words.

/arai/

Used to ask about things.

/khrai/

Used to ask about people.

/thi nai/

Used to ask about places.

/muea rai/

Used to ask about time.

/thammai/

Used to ask about reasons.

/yang rai/

Used to ask about manner; colloquially yangngai.

/thao rai/

Used to ask about quantity or price — essential for markets.

/an nai/

Used to ask about a choice between things.

/khong khrai/

Used to ask about ownership.

/mai/

Placed at the end of a sentence to make a yes/no question.

/ban/

A building where people live, or your home.

/hong/

A space inside a building with its own walls.

/khrua/

The room where food is prepared.

/hong nam/

The room with a toilet or shower, literally water room.

/hong non/

The room where you sleep.

/pratu/

The entrance to a room or building; also a goal in football.

/na tang/

An opening in a wall with glass that lets in light.

/to/

A piece of furniture with a flat top.

/kao-i/

A seat with a back for one person.

/tiang/

A piece of furniture for sleeping.

/non/

To rest with your eyes closed at night.

/suea pha/

Things you wear, such as shirts and trousers.

/rong thao/

Footwear; always removed before entering a Thai home or temple.

/kunchae/

A metal object used to open locks.

/nalika/

A device that shows the time.

/thorathat/

A device for watching programmes; colloquially thiwi.

/khom fai/

A device that gives light; floating lanterns light up Loy Krathong.

/krapao/

A container with handles for carrying things; also means wallet or pocket.

/tham ahan/

To prepare food, literally to make food.

/sue khong/

To buy things, literally to buy stuff.

/mi khwam suk/

Feeling pleasure and joy, literally to have happiness.

/sao/

Feeling unhappy.

/krot/

Feeling strong displeasure; Thais value keeping a cool heart, jai yen.

/klua/

Feeling fear.

/nueai/

Needing rest after work or activity.

/hio/

Feeling the need to eat.

/hio nam/

Feeling the need to drink, literally hungry for water.

/kangwon/

Feeling anxious about something.

/buea/

Feeling tired because something is not interesting.

/tuen ten/

Feeling very happy and full of anticipation.

/pralat chai/

Feeling wonder because of something unexpected.

/khwam rak/

A deep feeling of affection; khwam turns verbs into nouns.

/khwam wang/

The feeling that something good will happen.