Español(Spanish)

/constitución/

La ley suprema que define la estructura del Estado y los derechos de los ciudadanos.

Constitution

/democracia/

A system where citizens participate in governance through elections.

/justicia/

Fair and impartial administration of law.

/parlamento/

The supreme legislative body of a state.

/derechos fundamentales/

Rights guaranteed to citizens by the constitution.

/Tribunal Supremo/

Highest court of the state.

/economía/

System of production, distribution, and consumption.

/impuesto/

Compulsory payment collected by government.

/inflación/

Sustained rise in general price levels.

/PIB/

Total value of goods and services produced in a country.

/elección/

Process of selecting representatives.

/corrupción/

Abuse of power for personal gain.

/educación/

Process of acquiring knowledge and skills.

/salud/

State of physical and mental well-being.

/agricultura/

Practice of farming and cultivation.

/industria/

Economic activity involving manufacturing.

/libertad/

The power to act without restraint.

/igualdad/

Equal rights and opportunities for all.

/medio ambiente/

The natural world.

/cultura/

The customs and achievements of a people.

/idioma/

A system of communication.

/historia/

The recorded past of human civilization.

/política/

Activities related to governance and power.

/presupuesto/

Annual financial plan of government.

/pobreza/

Insufficient income to meet basic needs.

/población/

Total number of people in a region.

/justicia social/

Fair distribution of resources in society.

/ciudadanía/

Legal membership of a state.

/desarrollo/

Economic and social progress.

/soberanía/

Supreme authority of a state.

/diplomacia/

Management of international relations.

/derechos humanos/

Universal rights belonging to every person.

/desarrollo sostenible/

Development meeting present needs without compromising the future.

/globalización/

Integration of world economies and cultures.

/innovación/

Introduction of new ideas and methods.

/tecnología/

Application of scientific knowledge.

/Naciones Unidas/

International organisation promoting peace.

/reforma/

Changes aimed at improving a system.

/paz/

Freedom from conflict; harmony.

/diversidad/

Variety of cultures and traditions.

/comercio/

Buying and selling between countries.

/inversión/

Allocation of resources to generate returns.

/desempleo/

State of lacking paid work.

/política fiscal/

Government policy on taxation and expenditure.

/política monetaria/

Central bank policy on money supply.

/separación de poderes/

Division into legislative, executive, and judicial branches.

/estado del bienestar/

State protecting citizens' well-being.

/presidente/

Head of state.

/primer ministro/

Head of government.

/federalismo/

Division of power between central and regional governments.

/Hola/

A common Spanish greeting used at any time of day.

/Buenos días/

A greeting used in the morning hours.

/Buenas tardes/

A greeting used in the afternoon.

/Buenas noches/

A greeting or farewell used in the evening or night.

/Adiós/

A farewell expression used when parting.

/Hasta luego/

A casual farewell meaning see you later.

/Por favor/

A polite expression used to make requests.

/Gracias/

An expression of gratitude.

/De nada/

A response to thanks, meaning it's nothing.

/Lo siento/

An apology or expression of sympathy.

/Perdón/

Used to apologize or to get attention politely.

/¿Cómo estás?/

A casual inquiry about someone's wellbeing.

/Bien/

Used to indicate that someone is doing well.

/Mucho gusto/

A polite phrase used when meeting someone for the first time.

/¿Cómo te llamas?/

A question asking for someone's name.

/¿Hablas español?/

A question asking if someone speaks Spanish.

/No entiendo/

An expression indicating lack of understanding.

/¿Puede repetir?/

A polite request to repeat something.

/Uno/

The number one.

/Dos/

The number two.

/Tres/

The number three.

/Cuatro/

The number four.

/Cinco/

The number five.

/Diez/

The number ten.

/Veinte/

The number twenty.

/Cien/

The number one hundred.

/Mil/

The number one thousand.

/Hoy/

Referring to the current day.

/Mañana/

The day after today; also used to mean morning.

/Ayer/

The day before today.

/Hora/

A unit of time equal to 60 minutes; also used to ask the time.

/Minuto/

A unit of time equal to 60 seconds.

/Semana/

A period of seven days.

/Mes/

One of the twelve divisions of the calendar year.

/Año/

A period of twelve months.

/Lunes/

The first day of the working week.

/Madre/

A female parent.

/Padre/

A male parent.

/Hermano/

A male sibling.

/Hermana/

A female sibling.

/Hijo/

A male child.

/Hija/

A female child.

/Abuelo/

The father of one's parent.

/Abuela/

The mother of one's parent.

/Esposo/

A married male partner.

/Esposa/

A married female partner.

/Amigo/

A person with whom one has a bond of mutual affection.

/Amiga/

A female friend.

/Vecino/

A person who lives nearby.

/Niño/

A young male person or a young person in general.

/Niña/

A young female person.

/Persona/

An individual human being.

/Tío/

The brother of one's parent.

/Tía/

The sister of one's parent.

/Agua/

A clear liquid essential for life.

/Leche/

A white liquid produced by mammals, commonly consumed as a drink.

/Café/

A popular hot drink made from roasted coffee beans.

/Té/

A hot drink made by infusing dried tea leaves in water.

/Pan/

A staple food made from flour and water, baked in an oven.

/Arroz/

A cereal grain widely cultivated as a food source.

/Carne/

The flesh of an animal used as food.

/Pollo/

The meat of a domestic fowl used as food.

/Fruta/

The sweet or savoury produce of a plant.

/Verdura/

An edible plant or part of a plant.

/Desayuno/

The first meal of the day.

/Almuerzo/

A midday meal.

/Cena/

The main evening meal.

/Restaurante/

A place where meals are prepared and served to customers.

/Menú/

A list of dishes available in a restaurant.

/Queso/

A food made from pressed curds of milk.

/Huevo/

An oval object laid by a hen, used as food.

/Sal/

A white crystalline substance used to season food.

/Azúcar/

A sweet crystalline substance used to sweeten food and drinks.

/Vino/

An alcoholic drink made from fermented grapes.

/Ciudad/

A large town or urban area.

/Pueblo/

A small community, smaller than a city.

/Aeropuerto/

A place where aircraft land and take off.

/Avión/

A powered flying vehicle with wings.

/Hotel/

An establishment providing accommodation for travellers.

/Calle/

A public road in a city or town.

/Playa/

A sandy or pebbly shore near the sea.

/Mar/

A large body of salt water.

/Montaña/

A large natural elevation of earth.

/Tren/

A vehicle running on rails.

/Autobús/

A large vehicle for carrying passengers.

/Pasaporte/

An official document certifying identity when travelling abroad.

/Mapa/

A diagram representing an area of land.

/Museo/

A building where objects of historical or cultural interest are kept.

/Tienda/

A place where goods are sold.

/Mercado/

A place where goods are bought and sold.

/Bosque/

A large area covered with trees.

/Árbol/

A tall woody plant with a trunk and branches.

/Flor/

The colourful part of a plant.

/Río/

A large natural stream of water.

/Lago/

A large body of water surrounded by land.

/Cielo/

The space above the earth.

/Sol/

The star at the centre of our solar system.

/Luna/

The earth's natural satellite.

/Lluvia/

Condensed water falling from clouds.

/Tiempo/

The state of the atmosphere; also means time.

/Animal/

A living organism other than plants.

/Perro/

A domesticated carnivorous mammal kept as a pet.

/Gato/

A small domesticated carnivorous mammal kept as a pet.

/Cabeza/

The upper part of the body containing the brain.

/Cara/

The front part of the head including eyes, nose and mouth.

/Ojo/

An organ of vision.

/Boca/

The opening in the face used for eating and speaking.

/Mano/

The end part of the arm beyond the wrist.

/Pie/

The part of the leg below the ankle.

/Corazón/

The organ that pumps blood around the body.

/Médico/

A qualified medical practitioner.

/Hospital/

An institution providing medical treatment.

/Medicina/

A drug or other substance used to treat illness.

/Dolor/

A feeling of physical or emotional discomfort.

/Cansado/

Feeling in need of rest or sleep.

/Sano/

In good health; not sick.

/Trabajo/

Activity involving mental or physical effort; a paid occupation.

/Oficina/

A room or building used for professional work.

/Empresa/

A business organisation.

/Jefe/

A person in charge of workers.

/Reunión/

A gathering of people for a common purpose.

/Dinero/

A medium of exchange used to buy goods and services.

/Banco/

A financial institution that holds and manages money.

/Precio/

The amount of money for which something is bought.

/Computadora/

An electronic device for processing data.

/Internet/

A global network connecting computers.

/Teléfono/

A device used to communicate over a distance.

/Escuela/

An institution for education.

/Universidad/

A higher education institution.

/Tradición/

A custom or belief passed down through generations.

/Fiesta/

A celebration or festive occasion.

/Música/

Vocal or instrumental sounds combined to produce a harmonious effect.

/Baile/

Moving the body rhythmically to music.

/Religión/

A set of beliefs concerning the divine and moral conduct.

/Deporte/

Physical activity done for exercise or competition.

/Fútbol/

A popular sport played between two teams of eleven players.

/Libro/

A written or printed work consisting of pages.

/Película/

A story recorded as a moving image.

/Ser/

Used to express permanent or defining characteristics.

/Estar/

Used to express temporary states or locations.

/Tener/

To possess or own something.

/Querer/

To desire something or to love someone.

/Poder/

To have the ability or permission to do something.

/Ir/

To move from one place to another.

/Venir/

To move towards the speaker.

/Hacer/

To perform an action or create something.

/Hablar/

To communicate using words.

/Escuchar/

To pay attention to sound.

/Ver/

To perceive with the eyes or to watch something.

/Comer/

To consume food.

/Beber/

To consume liquid.

/Dormir/

To rest in a state of unconsciousness.

/Caminar/

To move on foot at a normal pace.

/Correr/

To move rapidly on foot.

/Leer/

To look at and comprehend written text.

/Escribir/

To form letters and words on a surface.

/Comprar/

To obtain something by paying money.

/Trabajar/

To do a job or activity.

/Estudiar/

To apply the mind to learning.

/Aprender/

To acquire knowledge or skills.

/Ayudar/

To make it easier for someone to do something.

/Grande/

Of large size or great importance.

/Pequeño/

Of a size that is less than normal.

/Bueno/

Having the required qualities; of high quality.

/Malo/

Of poor quality; unpleasant.

/Bonito/

Pleasing to the eye or ear.

/Nuevo/

Recently made, produced or acquired.

/Viejo/

Having lived or existed for a long time.

/Fácil/

Achieved without great effort.

/Difícil/

Needing much effort or skill to accomplish.

/Rápido/

Moving or done with great speed.

/Lento/

Moving or proceeding at a low speed.

/Caliente/

Having a high temperature.

/Frío/

Having a low temperature.

/Caro/

Costing a lot of money.

/Barato/

Low in price.

/Lleno/

Containing as much as possible.

/Vacío/

Containing nothing.

/¿Qué?/

Used to ask about a thing or action.

/¿Quién?/

Used to ask about a person.

/¿Dónde?/

Used to ask about a place.

/¿Cuándo?/

Used to ask about time.

/¿Cómo?/

Used to ask about manner or method.

/¿Por qué?/

Used to ask for the reason or cause.

/¿Cuánto?/

Used to ask about quantity or amount.

/¿Cuál?/

Used to ask for a specific choice from options.

/Sí/

An affirmative reply.

/No/

A negative reply or refusal.

/Tal vez/

Used to express possibility or uncertainty.

/Casa/

A building used as a place of residence.

/Apartamento/

A set of rooms forming a residence within a larger building.

/Cocina/

A room used for cooking.

/Ropa/

Items worn to cover the body.

/Zapato/

A foot covering with a sole and usually an upper part.

/Carro/

A road vehicle powered by an engine.

/Llave/

A metal instrument for operating a lock.

/Reloj/

A device for measuring and displaying time.

/Bolsa/

A flexible container for carrying things.

/Espejo/

A reflective surface used to see oneself.

/Baño/

A room containing washing and toilet facilities.

/Ventana/

An opening in a wall or door fitted with glass.

/Puerta/

A movable panel used to close an opening.

/Mesa/

A flat-topped piece of furniture with legs.

/Silla/

A seat with a back and legs for one person.

/Feliz/

Feeling or showing pleasure or contentment.

/Triste/

Feeling or showing sorrow.

/Enojado/

Feeling or showing strong displeasure.

/Miedo/

An unpleasant emotion caused by the belief of danger.

/Nervioso/

Easily agitated or alarmed.

/Sorpresa/

A feeling caused by something unexpected.

/Amor/

An intense feeling of deep affection.

/Emocionado/

Feeling enthusiasm and eagerness.

/Tranquilo/

Free from disturbance or anxiety.

/Noche/

The period of darkness after sunset.

/Día/

A period of twenty-four hours.

/Tarde/

The time from noon until sunset.

/Siempre/

At all times; on all occasions.

/Nunca/

At no time; not on any occasion.

/Aquí/

In, at or to this place.

/Allí/

In, at or to that place.

/Más/

A greater quantity or degree.

/Menos/

A smaller amount or degree.

/Muy/

Used to emphasise an adjective or adverb.

/Primero/

Coming before all others in time, order or importance.

/Último/

Coming after all others in time or order.

/Izquierda/

The side corresponding to the left hand.

/Derecha/

The side corresponding to the right hand.

/Arriba/

In or towards a higher place.

/Abajo/

In or towards a lower place.

/Necesitar/

To require something as essential.

/Saber/

To have knowledge or information about something.

/Conocer/

To be acquainted with a person or place.

/Llevar/

To transport something; to wear clothing.

/Dar/

To hand over something to someone.

/Pagar/

To give money in exchange for something.

/Esperar/

To stay until something happens; to desire something.

/Llegar/

To reach a destination.

/Salir/

To go from inside to outside; to depart.

/Abrir/

To move something to allow access or passage.

/Cerrar/

To shut or cover an opening.

/Pensar/

To have a thought or opinion in mind.

/Familia/

A group of people related by blood or marriage.

/Brillante/

Emitting or reflecting strong light; very clever.

/Inteligente/

Having a high level of mental ability.

/Interesante/

Arousing curiosity or attention.

/Aburrido/

Not interesting; feeling a lack of interest.